![]() Rate above the base exchange rate (to form the transaction exchange rate) Malaysia - Conversions when sending payments or receiving refund(s)įor any currency conversions that occur when making commercial transactions and receiving a refund beyond 1 day of the date of the original payment. ![]() SOUTH EAST EUROPE: Albania, Andorra, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Georgia, Iceland, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Serbia, Ukraine Helena, Swaziland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: Algeria, Angola, Bahrain, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Rep of the Congo, Cook Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Ivory Coast, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Rwanda, Sao Tome And Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, St. For a complete listing of PayPal market codes, please access our Market Code Table.ĪMERICAS: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falkland Islands, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Uruguay, Venezuela, Virgin IslandsĪSIA PACIFIC: Bhutan, Cambodia, Federated States of Micronesia, Indonesia, Laos, Maldives, Mongolia, Nepal, New Zealand, Philippines, Samoa, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Tonga Market Code Table: We may refer to two-letter market codes throughout our fee pages. International euro (EUR) or Swedish krona (SEK) transactions where both the sender and the receiver are registered with or identified by PayPal as resident in the European Economic Area (EEA) are treated as domestic transactions for the purpose of applying fees. For a listing of our groupings, please access our Market/Region Grouping Table. Certain markets are grouped together when calculating international transaction rates. International: A transaction occurring when the sender and receiver are registered with or identified by PayPal as residents of different markets. Domestic: A transaction occurring when both the sender and receiver are registered with or identified by PayPal as residents of the same market. We have removed the references to Croatian Kuna (HRK) as a result of Croatia joining the Eurozone on January 1, 2023. ![]() You can also view these changes by clicking ‘Legal’ at the bottom of any web-page and then selecting ‘Policy Updates’. You can find details about changes to our rates and fees and when they will apply on our Policy Updates Page. Download printable PDF Last Updated: 24, July 2023
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Metabones stresses that those latter lenses 'DO NOT WORK AT ALL.' The Speed Booster can also be used with the Contax 645 NAM-1 adapter that has been modified for Canon EF, but it can't be used with Canon EF-S lenses nor with APS-C lenses.
![]() You're allowed to check the compressed video for 20 seconds by clicking on the Preview button. The added video information will be displayed on the top of the interface.Ĭhange video parameters such as video resolution, bit rate, video format, or customize file size as you like. Click it to choose a video from your computer. Then you click the + sign or Document icon to add videos. Steps to Compress Video Size Easily and Quickly Step 1 Open Best Video Compressorĭownload and install Wondershare UniConverter (originally Wondershare Video Converter Ultimate) on your PC/Mac, then open it and choose the Video Compressor tab. Trim, crop, or cut videos are also supported by this free video compressor alternative. You can preview the compressed video for 20 seconds to check its quality. You can reduce video size by changing video resolution, bit rate, file size, and other parameters easily and quickly. It supports 1000+ video and audio formats such as MP4, MOV, MKV, AVI, WMV for compression and conversion. Wondershare UniConverter (originally Wondershare Video Converter Ultimate) is the best video compressor we recommended. Best Alternative to Free Video Compressor to Compress MP4/MOV/AVI/MKV Videos Tips for Choosing Free Video Compression Software 3 Easy Ways to Reduce Video Size Online Free 5 Free Video Compressor Apps for Android and IOS 8 Free Video Compressor for Mac and Windows 10/8/7 Here we picked the top 5 free video compression software that will help you to compress your videos up to the maximum without decreasing their quality, also the best alternative to free video compressors. So it's a good idea to compress the videos first and then upload them or send them to others. Large videos always take too much time to upload as well as download. 5.25 11 Ways to Compress Videos Free Online.4.5 Compress Video for Facebook, Instagram.3.10 HandBrake Video Compressor AlternativeĤ.3.5 Compress Videos with Windows Media Player Alternatives.3.3 Make Windows Movie Maker Resize Video.2.10 Top 8 Video Size Reducers for Android.2.9 10 Video Compressor App Android/iPhone.2.7 MMS Video Size Limit for iPhone/Android. ![]() Compress Video/Audio in Different Formats + Review Other Links section as each format has it’s own Encoder Options.Compress Videos 1. Once you are finished, click the Convert button and save your file to your desired folder.You may want to experiment to find the lowest acceptable frame rate of your video file. Lowering the frame rate of your video to 15 or 10 fps can reduce the file size by as much as 200% or 300%. The lower the Frame Rate, the smaller the File Size. Use the up and down arrow to adjust the frames per second. Check Limit Frame Rate under Video Output Options. Reduce Frame Rate to reduce video file size. ![]() Check the Constrain Proportions checkbox to avoid distortion. Enter a smaller width and height to achieve a smaller file size. Click Video Output Options tab under File Options and check the Resize Video checkbox. ![]() Resize Video Dimensions can also reduce the video file size.You can also select your desired Video Quality and Filesize. The lower the bitrate, the smaller the file size but the output quality will also be lowered. The bitrate affects the file size of your video output as well as its quality. Click File Options and click the down arrow beside Video Quality/Bitrate under MP4 Encoding Settings.Ĭhange the video Bitrates to a lower kbps value. Another way to reduce your Video File size is by reducing Video Quality/Bitrate.Note: The Output Format used in this tutorial is the same as the format of the original file. H.265 offers from 25% to 50% better data compression at the same level of video quality. H265 is the successor to the widely used H.264. Bit rates savings of 50% or more compared to MPEG-2 Through this compression, you will be able to maintain the same video quality despite using only half of the storage space. H264 standard will compress your video file to up 50% size of MPEG-2. Select between H264 and H265 depending on your file size requirement. Click File Options and click the down arrow beside Video Compressor under MP4 Encoding Settings.You may also click ALT+A on your keyboard or drag and drop a file or folder into the File bin. Click Add File button on the Home tab toolbar to add a video. ![]() So you don’t buy blueberries at the market, you buy a blueberry. When speaking about berries in Russian, there’s one trick: you virtually never use the plural. It looks like a yellow raspberry (and in fact is sometimes called a yellowberry or mountain raspberry) and has a delicate creamy flavor when very ripe. In the northern part of Russia, as well as in Scandinavia, Alaska, part of Canada, and Scotland you can find морошка (called cloudberry, Nordic berry, bakeapple, knotberry, low-bush salmonberry, averin or evron). There are several subspecies in Russia, including the one that might be familiar from a film title, калина красная - in English most commonly called a European cranberry bush. One is калина, part of the Viburnum genus. ![]() Then there are some berries that Russians grow, gather and eat that you don’t find in many other parts of the world. The first is good for eating and makes bland jam the second is very tart and makes magnificent jams and preserves. Other berries we have in common are малина (raspberry) красная и чёрная смородина (red and black currant) ежевика (blackberry) крыжовник (gooseberry) клюква (European cranberry) брусника (called in various countries and regions lingonberry, red bilberry, cowberry, red huckleberry, red whortleberry or foxberry) and рябина (rowanberry).īe sure you know the difference between two basic kinds of cherries: черешня, which is used to describe several varieties of sweet cherry, and вишня, a sour, tart, or pie cherry. The first is a cultivated strawberry the latter is that lovely, small, slightly floral wild strawberry, also called a field, wood or alpine strawberry. English, both can be called blueberry, but черника is actually a huckleberry, a word not much used in the northern parts of the country except in grade school when reading Mark Twain.Īnother berry important distinction - sorry, but I just had to make the pun once - is between клубника и земляника. Голубика is bigger, lighter blue, sweeter and juicier. To settle that first question, черника is small, very dark blue - its name comes from the adjective чёрный (black) - and a bit sour. ![]() I won’t even tell you what my kitchen looks like - although I have to say it smells divine - even if it is a bit sticky.Īfter I found myself wondering for the 12th time what exactly the difference between черника and голубика was, I thought a bit of berry deciphering might be useful for other shoppers, eaters and/or canners. I’m doing my usual greedy purchases of every berry and fruit on sale in the capital, dithering over the finer distinctions between Uzbek and Azerbaijani apricots and discussing in minute detail with the vendors which varieties of each fragrant offering will hold up best to the sugar, heat and canning I’m going to subject them to. It’s midsummer, and despite the decidedly autumnal weather in Moscow, the markets are overflowing with bounty. Малина: raspberry, group of thieves, hang-out ![]() Both uses are possible because certain substances called nuclear fuels undergo fission when struck by fission neutrons, and in turn emit neutrons when they break apart. Nuclear fission produces energy for nuclear power and drives the explosion of nuclear weapons. The unpredictable composition of the products (which vary in a broad probabilistic and somewhat chaotic manner) distinguishes fission from purely quantum tunneling processes such as proton emission, alpha decay, and cluster decay, which give the same products each time. Spontaneous fission was discovered in 1940 by Flyorov, Petrzhak, and Kurchatov in Moscow, in an experiment intended to confirm that, without bombardment by neutrons, the fission rate of uranium was negligible, as predicted by Niels Bohr it was not negligible. The smallest of these fragments in ternary processes ranges in size from a proton to an argon nucleus.Īpart from fission induced by a neutron, harnessed and exploited by humans, a natural form of spontaneous radioactive decay (not requiring a neutron) is also referred to as fission, and occurs especially in very high-mass-number isotopes. Most fissions are binary fissions (producing two charged fragments), but occasionally (2 to 4 times per 1000 events), three positively charged fragments are produced, in a ternary fission. ![]() The two (or more) nuclei produced are most often of comparable but slightly different sizes, typically with a mass ratio of products of about 3 to 2, for common fissile isotopes. Like nuclear fusion, for fission to produce energy, the total binding energy of the resulting elements must be greater than that of the starting element.įission is a form of nuclear transmutation because the resulting fragments (or daughter atoms) are not the same element as the original parent atom. In their second publication on nuclear fission in February of 1939, Hahn and Strassmann predicted the existence and liberation of additional neutrons during the fission process, opening up the possibility of a nuclear chain reaction.įor heavy nuclides, it is an exothermic reaction which can release large amounts of energy both as electromagnetic radiation and as kinetic energy of the fragments ( heating the bulk material where fission takes place). Frisch named the process "fission" by analogy with biological fission of living cells. Physicists Lise Meitner and her nephew Otto Robert Frisch explained it theoretically in January 1939. Nuclear fission was discovered on 19 December 1938 in Berlin by German chemists Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann. The fission process often produces gamma photons, and releases a very large amount of energy even by the energetic standards of radioactive decay. Nuclear fission is a reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei. ![]() Understanding the Proper Measurement of Passion Flower Tea In the next section, we will explore the recommended amount of tea leaves and water to use when brewing this delightful beverage. Understanding the proper measurement of passion flower tea is essential to reap its full benefits. It is often grown in gardens or on farms specifically for tea production. The plant requires a warm climate and well-drained soil to thrive. ![]() Today, passion flower tea is cultivated worldwide for its therapeutic benefits. It quickly became a staple in European herbal medicine and was used to treat various ailments, such as anxiety and insomnia. Passion flower tea gained popularity in Europe during the 16th century when Spanish explorers brought the plant back from their expeditions. It was used by Native American tribes for its medicinal properties, including its calming effects and ability to promote sleep. The passion flower plant is native to the Americas, specifically the southeastern part of the United States. The Origin and History of Passion Flower Teaĭid you know that the history and origin of this soothing beverage can be traced back to ancient civilizations? Passion flower tea, also known as Passiflora incarnata, has a rich history that dates back centuries. Now, let’s explore the origin and history of passion flower tea. If you have any underlying health conditions or are taking medications, it’s best to consult with your healthcare provider before incorporating passion flower tea into your routine. It’s important to note that passion flower tea should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice and treatment. Strain the tea and enjoy it warm before bedtime. To experience the benefits of passion flower tea, simply steep 2g of dried passion flower leaves in hot water for about 5-10 minutes. This is due to the presence of flavonoids in passion flower, which have sedative properties. It can help individuals fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer, allowing for a more restful night’s sleep. In addition to its anxiety-reducing effects, passion flower tea has also been found to improve sleep quality. GABA is a neurotransmitter that helps regulate the excitability of neurons, promoting a sense of calmness and relaxation. The calming properties of passion flower can help reduce anxiety symptoms by increasing the levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. Passion flower tea is particularly beneficial for individuals struggling with anxiety and sleep disorders. You’ll love the health benefits of passion flower tea! This herbal tea has been used for centuries to promote relaxation and improve sleep quality. The Health Benefits of Passion Flower Tea
![]() In fact, when Virtual Dj first entered the market, it was said to be specifically made to take as many controllers as possible, which is perfect for people that like or need to be swapping controllers often. Virtual DJ tends to be more compatible with a wider array of controllersĪ big pro of Virtual DJ is the fact that you can use the software with a wider array of controllers on the market when compared to Rekordbox. These monthly plans are great if you want to try out the software without fully committing to it. In fact, Virtual DJ has both business and individual plans which can be really useful if you are looking to use the software in a more professional ambiance. Something that I wanted to point out is that while Virtual DJ can be more expensive, Virtual DJ does give you more diverse price points. Atomix is charging more than 300 dollars for one of their permanent licenses, so as I said if you are on a budget it might be wise to choose Rekordbox instead. A full Virtual DJ license can be much more expensive than that. You can find it at 99 dollars for a full license. As I mentioned above, Rekordbox is a little bit more affordable than Virtual DJ. However, if this isn't the case, then you are going to have to pay full price for it. First of all, If you bought a new Pioneer controller as many newbies do, I have good news for you: most Pioneer controllers come with a free license of Rekordbox! That means that you don't need to pay extra for a license of said software. One of the main pros of Rekordbox is the fact that it tends to be slightly more affordable than Virtual DJ, and so I'd recommend that you choose it if you are on a budget. There are a few features that are found on one software that are not found on the other and so if you are looking for something specific, the following paragraphs will be really informative and useful. Virtual DJ vs Rekordbox: Main Differences and SimilaritiesĪs I mentioned above, both of these choices are very capable and I'd recommend both of them to anybody just starting out, they do have their own key differences. This article will be really useful if you are looking to use one of these two but aren't sure which one to choose. I wanted to write a comprehensive article of the main differences between both Rekordbox and Virtual DJ, and I wrote a little bit about their similarities too. While both of these software choices are excellent for any DJ no matter their skill and both are very capable, they each have their own similarities and differences, and so that why I wrote this article. Both are excellent for any aspiring DJ for sure. If you are looking for something that is more versatile when it comes to which controllers you can use and want more diverse price points, choose Virtual DJ. If you are looking to use Pioneer gear exclusively and want something that looks futuristic and modern, choose Rekordbox. ![]() In this article, we talk about two popular options when it comes to DJ software: Rekordbox DJ and Virtual DJ, and we talk about which one is better.Īnd the answer to that is that it depends. And while some people are forced to use a specific program because it comes with their brand new controllers, others are a little bit luckier and are able to choose between several choices on the market. One of the most important things that a new DJ must consider is which software is he or she is going to start using. Many people have been raving about this feature so I'd recommend that you check it out if you are thinking about which DJ software to use. ![]() The feature works by silencing certain parts of a song, such as the vocals, bass, or drums, just like a traditional EQ can modify the treble, mids, and bass. This feature is called Stem-mixing and it has the potential to bring in a lot of people to Virtual DJ. EDIT: I wrote this article a few weeks ago, but the Virtual DJ developers have come up with a brilliant feature that comes in Virtual DJ 2022 so I decided to write a little bit about it here. ![]() Add colourĪdding colour to text on thumbnail images can help make the text more readable and visible. ( Sierra Vlogs) Tips and tricks for thumbnail fonts 1. The font is really impactful, so when people are scrolling through the YouTube home page it will grab their attention.ĭK Mandarin Whispers comes in both upper case and lower case and can be given a strong outline effect.ĭescribed as ‘whimsical and eye-catching’ it can be seamlessly integrated with different colour palettes and images.įor example, in the thumbnail below the font is used alongside stickers to create impact. It has a ‘Heavy chalk’ effect and if paired with the right background it looks as though it’s a part of the image. If you’re looking for something different, River Drive could be the font for you. The font is used by famous YouTuber Zoella who enhances her thumbnails even further with a frame.ĭue to the simplicity of the font, it works well with different frames and background imagery. The font gives off a ‘glitzy’ vibe because it looks like it’s ‘lit up’ like a neon light.īernhard Modern std is made up of elegant and funky lettering. ![]() This can be useful for content creators that use filters to change the colouring of their videos. The font can be edited to be different colours and have a variety of highlights around it.īudmo is a step up from a simple font and is great when paired with subtle colours. It’s been picked up by creators who make DIY videos and content aimed at a younger audience. This choice may not be as versatile, but it’s certainly an impactful and fun font! Many people choose to use this font in their YouTube banner as well as thumbnails, making it a good ‘all rounder’ YouTube font.īadaboom, just like its name, is here to make a fun impression. It’s a cool font: simple, modern and powerful, and is often used with white letters and a black outline. ![]() Bebas is the go-to for thumbnails on make-up tutorials, recipe walkthroughs and other videos in that same category. You may recognise this font if you watch a lot of instructional videos. Like many other bold fonts, Impact is a strong and eye-catching typeface, with plenty of versatility value. It’s famously used by YouTube favourite PewDiePie, who plays around with size, colour and positioning to make the most of the simple and bold font. Impact is a simple and bold font used to capture attention, and forgive us, make an impact, without taking too much attention away from the actual thumbnail image. An extra bit of text on a thumbnail – adding extra interest or summarising the content – is a great way to add an extra reason for a ‘scroller’ to become a ‘clicker.’Ĭhoosing the right font is an important part of creating a standout thumbnail.Ī font that’s easy to read, unique, and visually appealing can make your thumbnail pop and draw in viewers.Īnd so (drumroll, please!) we’ve compiled a list of the 7 best YouTube thumbnail fonts in 2023, to help you make the most of this critical aspect of your video marketing strategy. This means that taking the time to create a visually appealing thumbnail can make all the difference in getting viewers to click on and watch your YouTube videos.Īdditionally, a study by the University of Oklahoma found that people spend only 1.5 seconds on average looking at a YouTube thumbnail before deciding whether to click on the video or not. With so much content available, it’s more important than ever to make your videos stand out – and one of the best ways to do this is through eye-catching thumbnails.Īccording to YouTube, 90% of the best-performing videos on the platform have custom thumbnails. YouTube is an incredibly competitive platform with millions of videos uploaded every day. ![]() ![]() ( uncountable ) The tendency of a system that is left to itself to descend into chaos. ![]() ( statistics, information theory, countable ) A measure of the amount of information and noise present in a signal.The dispersal of energy how much energy is spread out in a process, or how widely spread out it becomes, at a specific temperature.The capacity factor for thermal energy that is hidden with respect to temperature.( thermodynamics, countable ) A measure of the amount of energy in a physical system that cannot be used to do work.( Boltzmann definition ) A measure of the disorder directly proportional to the natural logarithm of the number of microstates yielding an equivalent thermodynamic macrostate.A measure of the disorder present in a system.Where n and m are the coefficients found in the balanced chemical equation of the reaction.Entropy ( countable and uncountable, plural entropies) Entropy is a fundamental concept in Data Science because it shows up all over the place - from Decision Trees, to similarity metrics, to state of the art dim. The entropy change for imaginary reversible process is same as that of an irreversible process between given final and initial states. The entropy change of a reaction where the reactants and products are in their standard state can be determined using the following equation: (Source: UC Davis ChemWiki by University of California\CC-BY-SA-3.0) Standard Entropy Change of a Reaction, Δ S° According to the Boltzmann equation, entropy is a measure of the number of microstates available to a system. Temperature of a Single Substance.” This is a generalized plot of entropy versus temperature for a single substance. These large increases occur due to sudden increased molecular mobility and larger available volumes associated with the phase changes.įigure 18.3 “Entropy vs. This can be seen in Figure 18.3 “Entropy vs. Temperature of a Single Substance.” Large jumps in entropy occur at the phase changes: solid to liquid and liquid to gas. Entropy is a powerful tool for quantification of the brain function and its information processing capacity. The standard molar entropy of any substance increases as the temperature increases.Gases tend to have much larger standard molar enthalpies than liquids, and liquids tend to have larger values than solids, when comparing the same or similar substances. Entropy concept is frequently used in many scientific disciplines: physics 1-70, equilibrium and non- equilibrium thermodynamics 1-25, 60-70, statistical.There are more possible arrangements of atoms in space for larger, more complex molecules, increasing the number of possible microstates. Larger, more complex molecules have higher standard molar enthalpy values than smaller or simpler molecules.Look up any word in the dictionary offline, anytime. The more disordered a system is, the higher (the more positive) the value of. entropy (specialist) a way of measuring the lack of order that exists in a system. This definition, of thermodynamic entropy, depends upon cyclic processes that can reach the equality, which are called reversible processes. Several trends emerge from standard molar entropy data: Entropy can be defined as the randomness or dispersal of energy of a system. An adiabatic process (one which does not generate any heat) from state A to state B is therefore only possible if it is entropy increasing: S (A) S (B). Table 18.1c Standard Molar Entropies of Selected Solids at 298 K Solid Table 18.1b Standard Molar Entropies of Selected Liquids at 298 K Liquid Table 18.1a Standard Molar Entropies of Selected Gases at 298 K Gas These values have been tabulated, and selected substances are listed in Table 18.1a to c “Standard Molar Entropies of Selected Substances at 298 K”. One equation is Boltzmann’s equation: S kln (W), where S is entropy (the usual variable for entropy), k is Boltzmann’s constant which is equal to the gas constant divided by Avogadro’s number which is approximately equal to 1.38 x 10 (-23) J/K, and W is the number of microstates which is a unitless quantity. The standard molar entropy, S°, is the entropy of 1 mole of a substance in its standard state, at 1 atm of pressure. Why Does Entropy Matter for Your Life Heres the. Assume the change is reversible and the temperature remains constant. And there are always far more disorderly variations than orderly ones. Determine the change in entropy (in J/K) of water when 425 kJ of heat is applied to it at 50☌. ![]() I used it as a left side choice for my students interactive notebook. * By providing feedback on your purchased products, you can earn points, which ultimately translate into cash toward future purchases.įeedback from other teachers about this verb mood sort. * Be sure to click the "follow" button that is located next to my picture so that you can hear about sales, updated products, and new activities. She is a published author for middle school English grammar. Ideas included!Īs a bonus? The creator of this grammar sort is the author of The English Grammar Workbook for Grades 6, 7, & 8. Game Option Included: Want an alternative to the grammar worksheet? Easily turn this verb mood sort into a game. Verb Moods Worksheets: scaffolded grammar practice.Verb Moods Task Cards: identification and writing.Verb Moods Bundle Subjunctive, Conditional, Indicative, Imperative, Interr. ![]() ![]()
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